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Antistatistic properties of materials in engineering practice
Vodička, Tomáš ; Rozsívalová, Zdenka (referee) ; Frk, Martin (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the properties of antistatic materials in engineering practice. The theoretical part described mathematically and physically electric field, the principle of electrification, triboelectric effect, types of electrostatic discharges, types of antitatic materials and methods of measurement surface and volume resistivity. In the practical part is designed the automated measuring workplace with electrometer Keithley 6517 and with the test chamber Keithley 8009, creating an application in Agilent VEE Pro, measurement of surface and volume resistivity on commercial materials and materials with various surface finishes, realized by cathode sputtering and the inclusion of materials in each group.
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Antistatistic properties of materials in engineering practice
Vodička, Tomáš ; Rozsívalová, Zdenka (referee) ; Frk, Martin (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the properties of antistatic materials in engineering practice. The theoretical part described mathematically and physically electric field, the principle of electrification, triboelectric effect, types of electrostatic discharges, types of antitatic materials and methods of measurement surface and volume resistivity. In the practical part is designed the automated measuring workplace with electrometer Keithley 6517 and with the test chamber Keithley 8009, creating an application in Agilent VEE Pro, measurement of surface and volume resistivity on commercial materials and materials with various surface finishes, realized by cathode sputtering and the inclusion of materials in each group.
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Analysis of the causes of fires from electrical equipment caused in the South Bohemia region in the years 2009-2013 and the concept of precautions to improve the situation
BENEDIKT, Ondřej
The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and empirical. In the first, the author explains the important terms for processing the empirical part. He deals with the theory of fire and summary of the general rules. He also deals with finding out the causes of fire and the computer program "Statistical monitoring of events", all the data were taken here. The chapter provides a general overview of el. devices, classification, history and possible danger. A very important of this part is the division of el. initiators explain. the terms such as el. short circuit, impedance, el. spark, el. arc, overcurrent, car-el. and its application in vehicles. Separately the author deals with atmospheric and ESD. The first objective was to analyze the causes of fires from el. devices in the South Bohemian Region (SBR). The second objective was the proposal of arrangements to improve the situation. The author determined two hypotheses: 1. The most common cause of fires of el. devices in the SBR is the el. short circuit. 2. The most frequent fires of el. devices in the SBR are the fires of vehicles. At the end of the first part, the author outlined the methodology. For processing the empirical part , he chose a quantitative research. The research was carried out by using the one-dimensional statistical analysis of data. The author created the list of literary sources based on literature gained from research libraries, the Fire Rescue Service (FRS) of the SBR, territorial department Strakonice and el. sources available on the internet. All the data the author gained SME of the FRS of the SBR. Within empirical part, the author first carried out the overall statistics of fires from el. initiators. The results show that in the period of 2009 - 2013 there was an increase in number of fires from el. initiators from 7,14 % to 14,97 %, it means more than double compared to a total amount of all fires, which have a decreasing tendency. Then he deals with proportions among particular initiators of fire. These data indicate that the most abundant initiator is car-el. and its application in vehicles. Other significant initiators are el. short circuit and impedance. Other initiators carry a much smaller proportion of the total number of fires. Then follow damages and salvage values caused. Salvage values in each of the monitored years are far greater than the damages, about 80 %. The author continues with the amount of people killed and injured, there is a big difference. Throughout the given period there were 5 people killed in fires from el. initiators, 51 people injured. For the total fires are numbers logically higher, in years 2009 - 2013 were 363 people injured and 51 killed. Then follows a part in which the author deals with individual initiators represented by el. short circuit, impedance, el. spark, el. arc, overcurrent, car-el. and its application in vehicles, atmospheric discharge and ESD. In the empirical part, there are also included initiators, which cannot be further specified. After processing the gained statistical data it comes to the discussion, in which the author analyzes particular tables and graphs, problems, which occurred with their solution and expresses to previously established hypotheses. The first hypothesis was refuted, the second confirmed. The author proposed measures to improve the situation, as there was detected a lack of security measures. The results of the thesis will be a contribution to the FRS of the Czech Republic, especially to the Prevention Department, pedagogical purposes or the general public in the context of preventive educational activities. After implementation of any of my proposals, using the same research it is possible to determine whether the implementation of the proposal has a positive impact on the number of fires, injured and killed people or on an amount of damages in the coming years.
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